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❪◑❫ Unix Directories ○｜_table_｜1st｜20261013194846-00-⌔

Unix filesystem - Wikipedia#Conventional_directory_layout

Conventional directory layout

Certain conventions exist for locating some kinds of files, such as programs, system configuration files, and users’ home directories. These were first documented in the hier(7) man page since Version 7 Unix;1 subsequent versions, derivatives and clones typically have a similar man page.234567

The details of the directory layout have varied over time. Although the file system layout is not part of the Single UNIX Specification, several attempts exist to standardize parts of it, such as the System V Application Binary Interface, the Intel Binary Compatibility Standard, the Common Operating System Environment, and FreeDesktop’s Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS).8

Here is a generalized overview of common locations of files on a Unix operating system:

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Printed 2026-10-13.

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Footnotes

  1. hier(7) – Version 7 Unix Programmer’s Manual ↩

  2. hier(7) – FreeBSD Miscellaneous Information Manual ↩

  3. hier(7) – OpenBSD Miscellaneous Information Manual ↩

  4. “hier(7) man page for 2.9.1 BSD”. ↩

  5. “hier(7) man page for ULTRIX 4.2”. ↩

  6. “hier(7) man page for SunOS 4.1.3”. ↩

  7. hier(7) – Linux Programmer’s Manual – Overview, Conventions and Miscellanea from Manned.org ↩

  8. George Kraft IV (1 November 2000). “Where to Install My Products on Linux?”. Linux Journal. Retrieved 13 November 2014. ↩

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❪◑❫ Unix Directories ○｜_table_｜1st｜20261013194915-00-⌔

Filesystem Hierarchy Standard - Wikipedia#Directory_structure

Directory structure

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In the FHS directory structure, all files and directories appear under the root directory /, even if they are stored on different physical or virtual devices. Some of these directories only exist in a particular system if certain subsystems, such as the X Window System, are installed.

Most of these directories exist in all Unix-like operating systems and are generally used in much the same way; however, the descriptions here are those used specifically for the FHS and are not considered authoritative for platforms other than Linux.

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