⏾ Concept Map

C＃ ○˒｜appendage｜___｜20260628155835-01-•

C#…
ParadigmMulti-paradigm: structured, imperative, object-oriented, event-driven, task-driven, functional, generic, reflective, concurrent
FamilyC
Designed byAnders Hejlsberg (Microsoft)
DeveloperMads Torgersen (Microsoft)
First appearedJuly 200012
Stable release14.03 / 11 November 2025
Typing disciplineStatic, dynamic,4 strong, safe, nominative, partly inferred
Memory managementGarbage-collected
PlatformCommon Language Infrastructure
License• Roslyn compiler: MIT/X11 5
• .NET Core CLR : MIT/X11 6
• Mono compiler: dual GPLv3 and MIT/X11
• DotGNU : dual GPL and LGPL
Filename extensions.cs, .csx
Websitelearn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/
Major implementations…
Visual C#, .NET, Mono, Universal Windows Platform
Discontinued: .NET Framework, DotGNU		…
Dialects…
Cω, Polyphonic C#, Enhanced C#…
Influenced by…
C++,7 Cω, Eiffel, F#,8 Haskell, Scala, Icon, J#, J++, Java,7 JavaScript, ML, Modula-3, Object Pascal,9 Visual Basic (VB)…
Influenced…
Chapel,10 Clojure,11 Crystal,12 D, J#, Dart,13 F#, Hack, Java,1415 Kotlin, Nemerle, Oxygene, Rust,16 Swift,17 Vala, TypeScript…
• C Sharp Programming at Wikibooks…

(echo:: @ ᯤ)

Footnotes

  1. C# Language Specification (PDF) (4th ed.). Ecma International. June 2006. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 21, 2021. Retrieved January 26, 2012. ↩

  2. “InfoQ eMag: A Preview of C# 7”. Archived from the original on April 24, 2023. Retrieved November 11, 2016. ↩

  3. “What’s new in.NET 10”. Retrieved November 13, 2025. ↩

  4. Torgersen, Mads (October 27, 2008). “New features in C# 4.0”. Microsoft. Archived from the original on January 3, 2012. Retrieved October 28, 2008. ↩

  5. “The Roslyn.NET compiler provides C# and Visual Basic languages with rich code analysis APIs.: dotnet/roslyn”. November 13, 2019. Archived from the original on February 22, 2021. Retrieved February 13, 2015 – via GitHub. ↩

  6. “CoreCLR is the runtime for.NET Core. It includes the garbage collector, JIT compiler, primitive data types and low-level classes.: dotnet/coreclr”. November 13, 2019. Archived from the original on October 14, 2019. Retrieved March 8, 2017 – via GitHub. ↩

  7. Naugler, David (May 2007). “C# 2.0 for C++ and Java programmer: conference workshop”. Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges. 22 (5). Although C# has been strongly influenced by Java it has also been strongly influenced by C++ and is best viewed as a descendant of both C++ and Java. ↩ ↩2

  8. for async ↩

  9. Hamilton, Naomi (October 1, 2008). “The A-Z of Programming Languages: C#”. Computerworld. Archived from the original on March 24, 2010. Retrieved February 12, 2010. We all stand on the shoulders of giants here and every language builds on what went before it so we owe a lot to C, C++, Java, Delphi, all of these other things that came before us. (Anders Hejlsberg) ↩

  10. “Chapel spec (Acknowledgments)” (PDF). Cray Inc. October 1, 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 5, 2016. Retrieved January 14, 2016. ↩

  11. “Rich Hickey Q&A by Michael Fogus”. Archived from the original on January 11, 2017. Retrieved January 11, 2017. ↩

  12. Borenszweig, Ary (June 14, 2016). “Crystal 0.18.0 released!”. Archived from the original on December 25, 2018. Retrieved August 7, 2017. It’s heavily inspired by Ruby, and other languages (like C#, Go and Python). ↩

  13. “Web Languages and VMs: Fast Code is Always in Fashion. (V8, Dart) - Google I/O 2013”. YouTube. May 16, 2013. Archived from the original on December 21, 2021. Retrieved December 22, 2013. ↩

  14. Java 5.0 added several new language features (the enhanced for loop, autoboxing, varargs and annotations), after they were introduced in the similar (and competing) C# language [1] Archived March 19, 2011, at the Wayback Machine [2] Archived January 7, 2006, at the Wayback Machine ↩

  15. Cornelius, Barry (December 1, 2005). “Java 5 catches up with C#”. University of Oxford Computing Services. Archived from the original on March 6, 2023. Retrieved June 18, 2014. In my opinion, it is C# that has caused these radical changes to the Java language. (Barry Cornelius) ↩

  16. “Influences - The Rust Reference”. The Rust Reference. Archived from the original on January 26, 2019. Retrieved April 18, 2023. ↩

  17. Lattner, Chris (June 3, 2014). “Chris Lattner’s Homepage”. Chris Lattner. Archived from the original on December 25, 2018. Retrieved May 12, 2020. The Swift language is the product of tireless effort from a team of language experts, documentation gurus, compiler optimization ninjas, and an incredibly important internal dogfooding group who provided feedback to help refine and battle-test ideas. Of course, it also greatly benefited from the experiences hard-won by many other languages in the field, drawing ideas from Objective-C, Rust, Haskell, Ruby, Python, C#, CLU, and far too many others to list. ↩