⏾ Concept Map

Rust ○˒｜appendage｜___｜20260628174208-01-•

Rust…
Paradigms• Multi-paradigm : concurrent
• functional
• generic
• imperative
• structured
DeveloperThe Rust Team
First appearedJanuary 19, 2012
Stable release1.961 / May 28, 2026
Typing discipline• Affine
• inferred
• nominal
• static
• strong
Implementation languageOCaml (2006–2011)
Rust (2012–present)
PlatformCross-platform2
OSCross-platform3
LicenseMIT, Apache 2.04
Filename extensions.rs, .rlib
Websiterust-lang.org
Influenced by…
• Alef
• BETA
• CLU
• C#
• C++
• Cyclone
• Elm
• Erlang
• Haskell
• Hermes
• Limbo
• Mesa
• Napier
• Newsqueak
• NIL 5
• OCaml
• Ruby
• Sather
• Scheme
• Standard ML
• Swift 6 7		…
Influenced…
• Idris 8
• PHP 9 10 11 12
• Project Verona 13
• SPARK 14
• Swift 15
• V 16
• Zig 17
• Gleam 18		…

(echo:: @ ᯤ)

Footnotes

  1. “Announcing Rust 1.96.0”. 2026-05-28. Retrieved 2026-05-28. ↩

  2. Including build tools, host tools, and standard library support for x86-64, ARM, MIPS, RISC-V, WebAssembly, i686, AArch64, PowerPC, and s390x. ↩

  3. Including Windows, Linux, macOS, FreeBSD, NetBSD, and Illumos. Host build tools on Android, iOS, Haiku, Redox, and Fuchsia are not officially shipped; these operating systems are supported as targets. ↩

  4. Third-party dependencies, e.g., LLVM or MSVC, are subject to their own licenses.^{[3]}$$^{[4]} ↩

  5. NIL is cited as an influence for Rust in multiple sources; this likely refers to Network Implementation Language developed by Robert Strom and others at IBM, which pioneered typestate analysis,^{[5]}$$^{[6]} not to be confused with New Implementation of LISP. ↩

  6. “Uniqueness Types”. Rust Blog. Archived from the original on 2016-09-15. Retrieved 2016-10-08. Those of you familiar with the Elm style may recognize that the updated —explain messages draw heavy inspiration from the Elm approach. ↩

  7. “Influences”. The Rust Reference. Archived from the original on 2023-11-26. Retrieved 2023-12-31. ↩

  8. “Uniqueness Types”. Idris 1.3.3 documentation. Archived from the original on 2018-11-21. Retrieved 2022-07-14. They are inspired by… ownership types and borrowed pointers in the Rust programming language. ↩

  9. Eberlei, Benjamin; Schröder, Martin (2020-03-09). “PHP RFC: Attributes v2”. wiki.php.net. Retrieved 2026-05-11. ↩

  10. Tovilo, Ilija (2020-05-22). “PHP RFC: Match expression v2”. wiki.php.net. Retrieved 2020-11-29. ↩

  11. Garfield, Larry; Tovilo, Ilija (2020-12-04). “PHP RFC: Enumerations”. wiki.php.net. Retrieved 2026-05-11. ↩

  12. Garfield, Larry; Tovilo, Ilija (2020-11-11). “PHP RFC: Pattern Matching”. wiki.php.net. Retrieved 2026-05-11. ↩

  13. Tung, Liam. “Microsoft opens up Rust-inspired Project Verona programming language on GitHub”. ZDNET. Archived from the original on 2020-01-17. Retrieved 2020-01-17. ↩

  14. Jaloyan, Georges-Axel (2017-10-19). “Safe Pointers in SPARK 2014”. arXiv:1710.07047 [cs.PL]. ↩

  15. Lattner, Chris. “Chris Lattner’s Homepage”. Nondot. Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2019-05-14. ↩

  16. “V documentation (Introduction)”. GitHub. The V Programming Language. Retrieved 2023-11-04. ↩

  17. Yegulalp, Serdar (2016-08-29). “New challenger joins Rust to topple C language”. InfoWorld. Archived from the original on 2021-11-25. Retrieved 2022-10-19. ↩

  18. “Gleam for Rust users”. Archived from the original on 2026-01-27. Retrieved 2026-01-27. ↩