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M33 X-7 ❍｜Definition｜1st｜20251119205401-00-⌔

M33 X-7 - Wikipedia

M33 X-7

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M33 X-7 is a black hole binary system in the Triangulum Galaxy. The system is made up of a stellar-mass black hole and a companion star. The black hole in M33 X-7 has an estimated mass of 15.65 times that of the Sun (M)12 (formerly the largest known stellar black hole, though this has now been superseded amongst electromagnetically-observed black holes by an increased mass estimate for Cygnus X-1,3 and also by many of the LVK -detected binary black hole components4). The total mass of the system is estimated to be around 85.7 M, which would make it the most massive black hole binary system. The black hole is consuming its partner, a 70 solar mass blue giant star.

Printed 2026-06-28.

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Footnotes

  1. “NASA - Heaviest Stellar Black Hole Discovered in Nearby Galaxy”. Archived from the original on 2012-10-23. Retrieved 2010-10-21. ↩

  2. Valsecchi, Francesca; Glebbeek, Evert; Farr, Will M.; Fragos, Tassos; Willems, Bart; Orosz, Jerome A.; Liu, Jifeng; Kalogera, Vassiliki (2010). “Formation of the black-hole binary M33 X-7 through mass exchange in a tight massive system”. Nature. 468 (7320): 77–79. arXiv:1010.4809. Bibcode:2010Natur.468…77V. doi:10.1038/nature09463. PMID 20962778. S2CID 4353636. ↩

  3. Miller-Jones, James C. A.; Bahramian, Arash; Orosz, Jerome A.; Mandel, Ilya; Gou, Lijun; Maccarone, Thomas J.; Neijssel, Coenraad J.; Zhao, Xueshan; Ziółkowski, Janusz; Reid, Mark J.; Uttley, Phil (2021-03-01). “Cygnus X-1 contains a 21-solar mass black hole—Implications for massive star winds”. Science. 371 (6533): 1046–1049. arXiv:2102.09091. Bibcode:2021Sci…371.1046M. doi:10.1126/science.abb3363. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 33602863. S2CID 231951746. ↩

  4. The LIGO Scientific Collaboration; the Virgo Collaboration; the KAGRA Collaboration; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adhikari, N.; Adhikari, R. X.; Adya, V. B. (2023). “GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the Second Part of the Third Observing Run”. Physical Review X. 13 (4) 041039. arXiv:2111.03606. Bibcode:2023PhRvX..13d1039A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.13.041039. ↩

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M33 X-7 ❍｜SIMBAD｜1st｜20251021001049-00-●

M33 X-7
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