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sudo - Wikipedia

sudo

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sudo (/suːduː/or/ˈsuːdoʊ/1) is a shell command on Unix-like operating systems that enables a user to run a program with the security privileges of another user, by default the superuser.2 It originally stood for “superuser do”,3 as that was all it did, and this remains its most common usage;4 however, the official Sudo project page lists it as “su ‘do ’”.5 The current Linux manual pages define su as “substitute user”,6 making the modern meaning of sudo “substitute user, do”, because sudo can run a command as other users as well.78

Unlike the similar command su, users must, by default, supply their own password for authentication, rather than the password of the target user. After authentication, and if the configuration file (typically /etc/sudoers) permits the user access, the system invokes the requested command. The configuration file offers detailed access permissions, including enabling commands only from the invoking terminal; requiring a password per user or group; requiring re-entry of a password every time or never requiring a password at all for a particular command line. It can also be configured to permit passing arguments or multiple commands.

Printed 2026-06-28.

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Footnotes

  1. Miller, Todd C. “Troubleshooting tips and FAQ for Sudo”. Archived from the original on 2021-11-27. Retrieved 2009-11-20. ↩

  2. Cohen, Noam (May 26, 2008). “This Is Funny Only if You Know Unix”. The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 22, 2018. Retrieved April 9, 2012. ↩

  3. By (2014-05-28). “Interview: Inventing The Unix”sudo”Command”. Hackaday. Archived from the original on 2022-01-10. Retrieved 2022-01-10. ↩

  4. “Aaron Toponce: The Meaning of ‘su’”. Archived from the original on 2023-02-24. Retrieved 2015-08-18. ↩

  5. “What is Sudo”. Archived from the original on 2022-06-03. Retrieved 2022-06-07. ↩

  6. “su(1) Linux manual page”. Archived from the original on 2022-06-05. Retrieved 2022-06-08. ↩

  7. “Sudo - ArchWiki” (MediaWiki). wiki.archlinux.org. Archived from the original on 2021-04-25. Retrieved 2015-11-09. ↩

  8. Haeder, A.; Schneiter, S. A..; Pessanha, B. G.; Stanger, J. LPI Linux Certification in a Nutshell. O’Reilly Media, 2010. p. 409. ISBN 978-0596804879. ↩

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sudo(8) - Linux manual page
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