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XML ○˒｜Definition｜1st｜20251119205401-00-⌔

XML - Wikipedia

XML

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Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language and file format for storing, transmitting, and reconstructing data. It defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. The World Wide Web Consortium’s XML 1.0 Specification1 of 19982 and several other related specifications3 —all of them free open standards —define XML.4

The design goals of XML emphasize simplicity, generality, and usability across the Internet.5 It is a textual data format with strong support via Unicode for different human languages. Although the design of XML focuses on documents, the language is widely used for the representation of arbitrary data structures,6 such as those used in web services.7

Several schema systems exist to aid in the definition of XML-based languages, while programmers have developed many application programming interfaces (APIs) to aid the processing of XML data.

Printed 2026-06-28.

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Footnotes

  1. Bray et al. (2008). ↩

  2. Bray, T.; Paoli, J.; Sperberg-McQueen, C. M., eds. (10 February 1998). “Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0” (W3C Recommendation) (1st ed.). W3C. Archived from the original on 20 April 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2019. ↩

  3. Bikakis, N.; Tsinaraki, C.; Gioldasis, N.; Stavrakantonakis, I.; Christodoulakis, S. (2013). “The XML and Semantic Web Worlds: Technologies, Interoperability and Integration: A Survey of the State of the Art”. In Anagnostopoulos, I.; Bieliková, M.; Mylonas, P.; Tsapatsoulis, N. (eds.). Semantic Hyper/Multimedia Adaptation: Schemes and Applications. Studies in Computational Intelligence. Vol. 418. Berlin: Springer. pp. 319–360. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-28977-4_12. ISBN 978-3-642-28977-4. ↩

  4. “Document license – 2015 version”. W3C. Retrieved 24 July 2020. ↩

  5. Bray et al. (2008), section 1.1. ↩

  6. Fennell, Philip (June 2013). “Extremes of XML”. XML London 2013 8: 80–86. doi:10.14337/XMLLondon13.Fennell01 (inactive 12 July 2025). ISBN 978-0-9926471-0-0. Archived from the original on Mar 1, 2023. ↩

  7. Loshin, P.; Linthicum, D.; Giza, M. (October 2021). “What is XML (Extensible Markup Language)?”. TechTarget WhatIs. Informa. ↩

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