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Joseph-Louis Lagrange - Wikipedia

Joseph-Louis Lagrange

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Joseph-Louis Lagrange1 (born Giuseppe Luigi Lagrangia23 or Giuseppe Ludovico De la Grange Tournier;45 25 January 1736 – 10 April 1813), also reported as Giuseppe Luigi Lagrange6 or Lagrangia,7 was an Italian and naturalized French mathematician, physicist and astronomer. He made significant contributions to the fields of analysis, number theory, and both classical and celestial mechanics.

In 1766, on the recommendation of Leonhard Euler and d’Alembert, Lagrange succeeded Euler as the director of mathematics at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, Prussia, where he stayed for over twenty years, producing many volumes of work and winning several prizes of the French Academy of Sciences. Lagrange’s treatise on analytical mechanics (Mécanique analytique, 4. ed., 2 vols. Paris: Gauthier-Villars et fils, 1788–89), which was written in Berlin and first published in 1788, offered the most comprehensive treatment of classical mechanics since Isaac Newton and formed a basis for the development of mathematical physics in the nineteenth century.

In 1787, at age 51, he moved from Berlin to Paris and became a member of the French Academy of Sciences. He remained in France until the end of his life. He was instrumental in the decimalisation process in Revolutionary France, became the first professor of analysis at the École Polytechnique upon its opening in 1794, was a founding member of the Bureau des Longitudes, and became Senator in 1799.

Printed 2026-06-28.

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Footnotes

  1. UK:/læˈɡrɒ̃ʒ/, US:/ləˈɡreɪndʒ, ləˈɡrɑːndʒ, ləˈɡrɒ̃ʒ/;^{[2]}$$^{[3]}$$^{[4]} French: [ʒozɛf lwi laɡʁɑ̃ʒ]. ↩

  2. Joseph-Louis Lagrange, comte de l’Empire, Encyclopædia Britannica ↩

  3. Italian: [dʒuˈzɛppe luˈiːdʒi laˈɡrandʒa]. ↩

  4. Angelo Genocchi (1883). “Luigi Lagrange”. Il primo secolo della R. Accademia delle Scienze di Torino (in Italian). Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. pp. 86–95. Retrieved 2 January 2014. ↩

  5. Italian: [dʒuˈzɛppe ludoˈviːko de la ˈɡranʒ turˈnje], French: [də la ɡʁɑ̃ʒ tuʁnje]. ↩

  6. Luigi Pepe. “Giuseppe Luigi Lagrange”. Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). Enciclopedia Italiana. Retrieved 8 July 2012. ↩

  7. [1] Encyclopedia of Space and Astronomy. ↩

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