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ls ⚬ˢʰ｜Definition｜1st｜20260523112618-00-⌔
ls
ls is a shell command for listing files – including special files such as directories. Originally developed for Unix and later codified by POSIX and Single UNIX Specification, it is supported in many operating systems today, including Unix-like variants, Windows (via PowerShell and UnxUtils),1 EFI,2 and MSX-DOS (via MSX-DOS2 Tools).3
The numerical computing environments MATLAB and GNU Octave include an
lscommand with similar functionality.45An
lscommand appeared in the first version of AT&T UNIX. The name inherited from Multics and is short for “list”.678lsis part of the X/Open Portability Guide since issue 2 of 1987. It was inherited into the first version of POSIX.1 and the Single Unix Specification.9In MS-DOS, OS/2, and Windows, the equivalent command is
dir. Apple DOS for the Apple II usesCATALOG.Printed 2026-06-28.
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Link to original Footnotes
“Native Win32 ports of some GNU utilities”. unxutils.sourceforge.net. Archived from the original on 2006-02-09. Retrieved 2025-08-09. ↩
“EFI Shells and Scripting”. Intel. Archived from the original on September 27, 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-25. ↩
“MSX-DOS2 Tools User’s Manual - MSX-DOS2 TOOLS ユーザーズマニュアル”. April 1, 1993 – via Internet Archive. ↩
“List folder contents - MATLAB ls”. Archived from the original on 2012-10-09. Retrieved 2019-04-06. ↩
“Function Reference: Ls”. Octave Forge. Archived from the original on 2019-04-06. Retrieved 2019-04-06. ↩
“Multics manual page for ls or list command”. 14 February 1985. ↩
Fischer, Eric. “A Brief History of the ‘ls’ command”. The Linux Documentation Project. Archived from the original on 2023-01-02. Retrieved 2022-12-09. ↩
“Multics programmer’s manual - Commands and active functions” (PDF). p. 397. ↩
ls– Shell and Utilities Reference, The Single UNIX Specification, Version 5 from The Open Group ↩
ls ⚬ˢʰ｜docu｜1st｜20251021001049-00-◊
ls(1) - Linux manual page
Link to original
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